Applying for U.S. citizenship is a significant milestone and the N-400 form is the critical first step. This guide provides a clear overview of the application structure and required documents. It also includes how much the filing cost is and what to expect after submission.
Understanding the N-400 structure
Form N-400, Application for Naturalization, includes 16 sections. Applicants will provide:
- Biographical information
- Travel history
- Marital status
- Employment details
- Taxes
- Civic responsibilities
A significant part of the form assesses moral character. It also contains questions about criminal history. Accuracy and honesty are essential. Any errors can delay or put to risk the approval process.
Supporting documents needed
Alongside the completed N-400, applicants must include supporting documentation. At a minimum, this includes:
- A copy of the green card (front and back)
- Marriage and death certificates
- Divorce decrees (if applying based on marriage to a U.S. citizen)
- Proof of military service (if applying under special provisions)
- Evidence of lawful permanent residence (LPR) for the required period
- Certified court records, if applicable
Depending on your circumstances, the agency may need more documents.
Filing fees and fee waiver options
As of 2025, the USCIS filing fee for Form N-400 is $760, which includes the cost of biometric services. Applicants must pay by check or money order. They can also pay electronically through the USCIS website if filing online. If an applicant is facing financial hardship, they may request a fee waiver (Form I-912). They can also ask for a reduced fee based on income guidelines.
After you submit: What to expect
Once the USCIS receives the application, they will issue a receipt notice. After that, the agency will schedule applicants for:
- A biometrics appointment to collect fingerprints and photos
- Naturalization interview, which includes a civics exam and an English test
USCIS typically makes a decision shortly after the interview. If approved, applicants receive an invitation to attend a naturalization ceremony. During the ceremony, where they take the Oath of Allegiance.
Why legal help matters
Some applicants can complete the N-400 on their own. Others may have a tough time. That is because they may have criminal records, long absences from the U.S. or previous denials. Getting the help of an immigration attorney can make a significant difference to your case. They can help identify potential risks and gather appropriate documentation. They can guide applicants through every step. This could improve their chances of a successful outcome.